Handwritten notes by John F. Kennedy on both sides of a 6.25 x 9.25 sheet of United States Senate letterhead. Penned in blue ballpoint, the unsigned notes comprise the first section of a speech delivered by Kennedy during his tenure as a Massachusetts senator. His notes, in full: "A. Lawrence-Lowell, Conflicts of Principle, Harvard Press, / 1. Democracy succeeded Feudalism. Questions whether democracy—which provides unstable leaders and majorities—will be succeeded by dictatorships. Strong understanding, need self discipline from both. / 2. Aristotle stated his familiar principle of ethics that good is destroyed by both defeat and excess and preserved by a mean between the two. He advocates mean not because it is worldly wise but because it was path of virtue. No moral principle involved in laissez-faire and govt. regulation. We merely want to find proper limit. / Lowell makes point that vocational and cultural education good. Cultural important so that we may enjoy higher pleasures of life—good literature, the fine arts, music, history etc.—in short, all those contributions to thought that have slowly raised civilized man above the barbarians. Especially true of women for they determine the culture." In fine condition, with some light edge creasing. Accompanied by a full letter of authenticity from JSA and a transmittal letter from a previous owner, who notes that the speech was written "for the Committees of Labor and Public Welfare and Government Operations" and that Evelyn Lincoln, Kennedy's personal secretary, "was kind enough to fully authenticate the handwriting of Mr. Kennedy and fully translate the scrawl into legibility."
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