Partly-printed vellum DS as president, one page, 18 x 14.5, July 28, 1848. President Polk appoints John Black as "Consul of the United States of America for the City of Mexico," and requests "The Government of the Mexican Republics, Its Governors and Officers to permit the said John Black fully and peacefully to enjoy and exercise the said office." Boldly signed at the conclusion by President James K. Polk and countersigned by Secretary of State James Buchanan. The white paper seal affixed to the lower left remains fully intact. In very good to fine condition, with intersecting folds, some edge staining, and a few scattered tiny holes.
The United States and Mexico had just concluded the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo to end the Mexican-American War, and diplomatic relations were resuming. The agreement called for the United States to pay $15 million to Mexico and to pay off the claims of American citizens against Mexico of up to $5 million. It set the Rio Grande as a boundary for Texas, and ceded the United States ownership of California, Nevada, Utah, and Colorado, plus most of New Mexico and Arizona. A fantastic, important diplomatic document, boldly signed by two American presidents.
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